Bihar is a state in Eastern India. It is the second largest state by population, the 12th largest by area, and the 14th largest by GDP in 2024. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, and Jharkhand to the south. Bihar is split by the river Ganges, which flows from west to east. On 15 November 2000, a large chunk of southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Around 11.27% of Bihar’s population live in urban areas as per a 2020 report.

Furthermore, Bihar has the largest percentage of young people of any Indian state, with about 58% of its citizens under 25. Hindi, which has the same official status as Urdu, is the official language. A number of additional languages are spoken at lesser degrees, although Maithili, Magahi, and Bhojpuri are the primary native languages.